Atta-ur-Rahman-Bioactive ...Atta-ur-Rahman-Bioactive Natural Products (Part N) v.34, ANGIELSKIE
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v FOREWORD Nineteen years have passed since Professor Atta-ur-Rahman launched the series "Studies in Natural Products Chemistry" in 1988. At that time when Volume 1 was published, I had the privilege of contributing my review on chiral building blocks of biocatalytic origin. Now I was asked to contribute the Preface to Volume 34. I The most important task of we scientists is to create or add meaningful new knowledge to our own field of science. To do so, we must work hard theoretically or experimentally. This may make it difficult for us to have broad knowledge in all aspects of our research area. However, without broad knowledge, we may not be able to find out and interpret the new results. It is therefore necessary for us to read good review articles. Reviews will give us a lot of knowledge far beyond our own experience. Studying good reviews allows us to extend our experience by assimilating the experience of others. The present Volume deals with various aspects of bioactive natural products referring to 2,807 references. Everyone can agree that it is not at all easy to examine 2807 references in a short period. By reading this Volume, we can have access to these scientific treasures. Fourteen reviews in this Volume treat diverse and different topics in natural products chemistry - basic ones, medicinally oriented ones, agro-oriented ones, and ecologically oriented ones. They are all good introductions to the specific fields of bioactivities including a timely review on pheromones. I congratulate Professor Atta-ur-Rahman on his eminent success in securing capable authors, and look forward to studying the future volumes of this series. Kenji Mori Emeritus Professor The University of Tokyo Japan vii PREFACE The present volume, the 34 th in this series, presents frontier reviews on recent developments on bioactive natural products in cutting edge areas by eminent experts in their respective fields. The first three articles describe the chemistry and antitumor activity of tylophorine- related alkaloids, antitumor and anti-metastatic actions of various natural products, and stil- benes and their analogues as antineoplastic agents. These articles by US (Lee & coworkers), Japanese (Kimura) and Italian (Orsini & coworker) groups provide a wealth of interesting information in this important area. Certain enzymes, the "Diels-Alderases", catalyse the Diels-Alder reaction in biological systems. The article by lchihara reviews the recent devel- opments in this area. Lipids play an essential role as biomolecules in living cells. The article by Demetzos & coworker describes the chemistry, biological role and applications of mem- brane lipids as drug carriers. Cytokinins are plant hormones which are involved in the regula- tion of a number of plant development processes. The article by Galuszka & coworkers pre- sents an overview of recent researches on genes and corresponding proteins involved in cyto- kinin biosynthesis, modification, degradation and transactions. Another review by Alonso- Amelot on high altitude plants describes the chemistry of their acclimation and adaptation which in turns influences the nature ofbioactive compounds present. (+)-Biotin has received considerable attention in recent years because of its significant biological activities for human health and nutrition. The review by Seki describes the industrially viable synthetic ap- proaches which can allow efficient access to (+)-biotin. Another review by Zarate and co- workers presents the applications of biotechnology, especially recombinant DNA technology, as a tool to control biosynthesis and accumulation of plant natural products. The article by Velazquez & coworkers describes the role of insect and mammal pheromones. The article presents evidence relating to the vomeronasal organ (VNO), human pheromones and their possible role in influencing human behavior. A comprehensive account of the occurrences, chemistry, biological roles and activities of stilbenoids is presented by Xiao and coworkers. Plant tissue culture studies for micropropagation, transformation and production of useful secondary metabolites is described in the review by Yoshimatsu. The review by Borne & coworkers presents the chemical and pharmacological properties of isoquinuclidines. Kogan and coworkers have contributed a review on hyaluronic acid, a linear polysaccharose which is present in almost all biological fluids and tissues and plays a critically important role in maintaining the viscoelastic properties required for lubrication ofjoints. Its degradation leads to increased wear of joints, causing arthritic pain. The fundamental role of hyaluronic acid and its involvement in various pathological conditions and inflammatory processes are re- viewed. This volume is expected to be another useful addition to this important series of volumes on natural product chemistry which now covers over 25,000 pages and is generally acknowl- edged to be the leading series of volumes in Natural Product Chemistry. We would like to express our thanks to Mr. Liaquat Raza Siddiqui for his assistance in the preparation of the index. Weare also grateful to Mr. Wasim Ahmad for composing and typ- ing and to Mr. Mahmood Alam for the editorial assistance. Atta-ur-Rahman, FRS Federal Minister/Chairman Higher Education Commission! Director, International Center for Chemical & Biological Sciences Karachi, Pakistan vii vii PREFACE The present volume, the 34 th in this series, presents frontier reviews on recent developments on bioactive natural products in cutting edge areas by eminent experts in their respective fields. The first three articles describe the chemistry and antitumor activity of tylophorine- related alkaloids, antitumor and anti-metastatic actions of various natural products, and stil- benes and their analogues as antineoplastic agents. These articles by US (Lee & coworkers), Japanese (Kimura) and Italian (Orsini & coworker) groups provide a wealth of interesting information in this important area. Certain enzymes, the "Diels-Alderases", catalyse the Diels-Alder reaction in biological systems. The article by lchihara reviews the recent devel- opments in this area. Lipids play an essential role as biomolecules in living cells. The article by Demetzos & coworker describes the chemistry, biological role and applications of mem- brane lipids as drug carriers. Cytokinins are plant hormones which are involved in the regula- tion of a number of plant development processes. The article by Galuszka & coworkers pre- sents an overview of recent researches on genes and corresponding proteins involved in cyto- kinin biosynthesis, modification, degradation and transactions. Another review by Alonso- Amelot on high altitude plants describes the chemistry of their acclimation and adaptation which in turns influences the nature ofbioactive compounds present. (+)-Biotin has received considerable attention in recent years because of its significant biological activities for human health and nutrition. The review by Seki describes the industrially viable synthetic ap- proaches which can allow efficient access to (+)-biotin. Another review by Zarate and co- workers presents the applications of biotechnology, especially recombinant DNA technology, as a tool to control biosynthesis and accumulation of plant natural products. The article by Velazquez & coworkers describes the role of insect and mammal pheromones. The article presents evidence relating to the vomeronasal organ (VNO), human pheromones and their possible role in influencing human behavior. A comprehensive account of the occurrences, chemistry, biological roles and activities of stilbenoids is presented by Xiao and coworkers. Plant tissue culture studies for micropropagation, transformation and production of useful secondary metabolites is described in the review by Yoshimatsu. The review by Borne & coworkers presents the chemical and pharmacological properties of isoquinuclidines. Kogan and coworkers have contributed a review on hyaluronic acid, a linear polysaccharose which is present in almost all biological fluids and tissues and plays a critically important role in maintaining the viscoelastic properties required for lubrication ofjoints. Its degradation leads to increased wear of joints, causing arthritic pain. The fundamental role of hyaluronic acid and its involvement in various pathological conditions and inflammatory processes are re- viewed. PREFACE The present volume, the 34 th in this series, presents frontier reviews on recent developments on bioactive natural products in cutting edge areas by eminent experts in their respective fields. The first three articles describe the chemistry and antitumor activity of tylophorine- related alkaloids, antitumor and anti-metastatic actions of various natural products, and stil- benes and their analogues as antineoplastic agents. These articles by US (Lee & coworkers), Japanese (Kimura) and Italian (Orsini & coworker) groups provide a wealth of interesting information in this important area. Certain enzymes, the "Diels-Alderases", catalyse the Diels-Alder reaction in biological systems. The article by lchihara reviews the recent devel- opments in this area. Lipids play an essential role as biomolecules in living cells. The article by Demetzos & coworker describes the chemistry, biological role and applications of mem- brane lipids as drug carriers. Cytokinins are plant hormones which are involved in the regula- tion of a number of plant development processes. The article by Galuszka & coworkers pre- sents an overview of recent researches on genes and corresponding proteins involved in cyto- kinin biosynthesis, modification, degradation and transactions. Another review by Alonso- Amelot on high altitude plants describes the chemistry of their acclimation and adaptation which in turns influences the nature ofbioactive compounds present. (+)-Biotin has received considerable attention in recent years because of its significant biological activities for human health and nutrition. The review by Seki describes the industrially viable synthetic ap- proaches which can allow efficient access to (+)-biotin. Another review by Zarate and co- workers presents the applications of biotechnology, especially recombinant DNA technology, as a tool to control biosynthesis and accumulation of plant natural products. The article by Velazquez & coworkers describes the role of insect and mammal pheromones. The article presents evidence relating to the vomeronasal organ (VNO), human pheromones and their possible role in influencing human behavior. A comprehensive account of the occurrences, chemistry, biological roles and activities of stilbenoids is presented by Xiao and coworkers. Plant tissue culture studies for micropropagation, transformation and production of useful secondary metabolites is described in the review by Yoshimatsu. The review by Borne & coworkers presents the chemical and pharmacological properties of isoquinuclidines. Kogan and coworkers have contributed a review on hyaluronic acid, a linear polysaccharose which is present in almost all biological fluids and tissues and plays a critically important role in maintaining the viscoelastic properties required for lubrication ofjoints. Its degradation leads to increased wear of joints, causing arthritic pain. The fundamental role of hyaluronic acid and its involvement in various pathological conditions and inflammatory processes are re- viewed. This volume is expected to be another useful addition to this important series of volumes on natural product chemistry which now covers over 25,000 pages and is generally acknowl- edged to be the leading series of volumes in Natural Product Chemistry. This volume is expected to be another useful addition to this important series of volumes on natural product chemistry which now covers over 25,000 pages and is generally acknowl- edged to be the leading series of volumes in Natural Product Chemistry. We would like to express our thanks to Mr. Liaquat Raza Siddiqui for his assistance in the preparation of the index. Weare also grateful to Mr. Wasim Ahmad for composing and typ- ing and to Mr. Mahmood Alam for the editorial assistance. We would like to express our thanks to Mr. Liaquat Raza Siddiqui for his assistance in the preparation of the index. Weare also grateful to Mr. Wasim Ahmad for composing and typ- ing and to Mr. Mahmood Alam for the editorial assistance. Atta-ur-Rahman, FRS Federal Minister/Chairman Higher Education Commission! Director, International Center for Chemical & Biological Sciences Karachi, Pakistan Atta-ur-Rahman, FRS Federal Minister/Chairman Higher Education Commission! Director, International Center for Chemical & Biological Sciences Karachi, Pakistan xi CONTRIBUTORS Seth Y. Ablordeppey Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA Miguel E. Alonso- Amelot Grupo de Quimica Ecol6gica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Merida 5101, Venezuela Dong-Lu Bai Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China Kenneth F. Bastow Natural Products Research Laboratories, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 USA Ronald F. Borne Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA Arnold Brossi Natural Products Research Laboratories, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 USA Elena Cequier-Sanchez Instituto Universitario de Bio-Organica, A.G. Gonzalez, University of La Laguna, Ave. Francisco Sanchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain C. Randall Clark Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA Costas Demetzos School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Panepistimiopolis Zografou 15771, University of Athens, Athens, Greece Ivo Frebort Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Academy of Science, Slechtitelii 11, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic litka Frebortova Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacky University, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Academy of Science, Slechtitelii 11, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic Petr Galuska Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palack)' University, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Academy of Science, Slechtitelii 11, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic xii Fatima Gutierrez-Nicolas Instituto Universitario de Bio-Organica, A.G. Gonzalez, University of La Laguna, Ave. Francisco Sanchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain Sophia Hatziantonioy School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Panepistimiopolis Zografou 15771, University ofAthens, Athens, Greece Akitami Ichihara Dipartment of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan Nabil EI Jaber-Vazdekis Instituto Universitario de Bio-Organica, A.G. Gonzalez, University of La Laguna, Ave. Francisco Sanchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain M.O. Faruk Khan Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA Yoshiyuki Kimura Division of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Basic Medical Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon City, Ehime 791- 0295,Japan Grigorij Kogan Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84538, Bratislava, Slovakia David Kopecny Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Academy of Science, Slechtitelti II, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic Say-Jong Law Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA Kuo-Hsiung Lee Natural Products Research Laboratories, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 USA Mark S. Levi Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA Raniero Mendichi Istituto per 10 Studio delle Macromolecole, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20133 Milan, Italy Susan L. Morris- Natschke Natural Products Research Laboratories, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 USA [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ] |
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