ATmega64ATmega64, Dokumenty i Nauka, Elektronika, Mikrokontrolery, z Flash'em, Atmel at mega
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Features • High-performance, Low-power AVR ® 8-bit Microcontroller • Advanced RISC Architecture – 130 Powerful Instructions – Most Single Clock Cycle Execution – 32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers + Peripheral Control Registers – Fully Static Operation – Up to 16 MIPS Throughput at 16 MHz – On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier • Non-volatile Program and Data Memories – 64K Bytes of In-System Reprogrammable Flash Endurance: 10,000 Write/Erase Cycles – Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits In-System Programming by On-chip Boot Program True Read-While-Write Operation – 2K Bytes EEPROM Endurance: 100,000 Write/Erase Cycles – 4K Bytes Internal SRAM – Up to 64K Bytes Optional External Memory Space – Programming Lock for Software Security – SPI Interface for In-System Programming • JTAG (IEEE std. 1149.1 Compliant) Interface – Boundary-scan Capabilities According to the JTAG Standard – Extensive On-chip Debug Support – Programming of Flash, EEPROM, Fuses, and Lock Bits through the JTAG Interface • Peripheral Features – Two 8-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescalers and Compare Modes – Two Expanded 16-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescaler, Compare Mode, and Capture Mode – Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator – Two 8-bit PWM Channels – 6 PWM Channels with Programmable Resolution from 1 to 16 Bits – 8-channel, 10-bit ADC 8 Single-ended Channels 7 Differential Channels 2 Differential Channels with Programmable Gain (1x, 10x, 200x) – Byte-oriented Two-wire Serial Interface – Dual Programmable Serial USARTs – Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface – Programmable Watchdog Timer with On-chip Oscillator – On-chip Analog Comparator • Special Microcontroller Features – Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection – Internal Calibrated RC Oscillator – External and Internal Interrupt Sources – Six Sleep Modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-save, Power-down, Standby and Extended Standby – Software Selectable Clock Frequency – ATmega103 Compatibility Mode Selected by a Fuse – Global Pull-up Disable • I/O and Packages – 53 Programmable I/O Lines – 64-lead TQFP and 64-pad MLF • Operating Voltages – 2.7 - 5.5V for ATmega64L – 4.5 - 5.5V for ATmega64 • Speed Grades – 0 - 8 MHz for ATmega64L – 0 - 16 MHz for ATmega64 8-bit Microcontroller with 64K Bytes In-System Programmable Flash ATmega64 ATmega64L Preliminary Rev. 2490C–AVR–09/02 1 Pin Configuration Figure 1. Pinout ATmega64 TQFP/MLF PEN RXD0/(PDI) PE0 (TXD0/PDO) PE1 (XCK0/AIN0) PE2 (OC3A/AIN1) PE3 (OC3B/INT4) PE4 (OC3C/INT5) PE5 (T3/INT6) PE6 (IC3/INT7) PE7 (SS) PB0 (SCK) PB1 (MOSI) PB2 (MISO) PB3 (OC0) PB4 (OC1A) PB5 (OC1B) PB6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 PA3 (AD3) PA4 (AD4) PA5 (AD5) PA6 (AD6) PA7 (AD7) PG2(ALE) PC7 (A15) PC6 (A14) PC5 (A13) PC4 (A12) PC3 (A11) PC2 (A10 PC1 (A9) PC0 (A8) PG1(RD) PG0(WR) Disclaimer Typical values contained in this data sheet are based on simulations and characteriza- tion of other AVR microcontrollers manufactured on the same process technology. Min and Max values will be available after the device is characterized. 2 ATmega64(L) 2490C–AVR–09/02 ATmega64(L) Overview The ATmega64 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR enhanced RISC architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the ATmega64 achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz, allowing the system designer to optimize power consumption versus processing speed. Block Diagram Figure 2. Block Diagram PF0 - PF7 PA0 - PA7 PC0 - PC7 VCC GND PORTF DRIVERS PORTA DRIVERS PORTC DRIVERS AVCC DATA REGISTER PORTF DATA DIR. REG. PORTF DATA REGISTER PORTA DATA DIR. REG. PORTA DATA REGISTER PORTC DATA DIR. REG. PORTC 8-BIT DATA BUS AGND XTAL1 AREF CALIB. OSC ADC INTERNAL OSCILLATOR OSCILLATOR XTAL2 JTAG TAP PROGRAM COUNTER STACK POINTER WATCHDOG TIMER OSCILLATOR ON-CHIP DEBUG PROGRAM FLASH SRAM MCU CONTROL REGISTER TIMING AND CONTROL RESET BOUNDARY- SCAN INSTRUCTION REGISTER GENERAL PURPOSE REGISTERS TIMER/ COUNTERS PROGRAMMING LOGIC X PEN INSTRUCTION DECODER Y INTERRUPT UNIT Z CONTROL LINES ALU EEPROM STATUS REGISTER USART0 SPI USART1 2-WIRE SERIAL INTERFACE DATA REGISTER PORTE DATA DIR. REG. PORTE DATA REGISTER PORTB DATA DIR. REG. PORTB DATA REGISTER PORTD DATA DIR. REG. PORTD DATA REG. PORTG DATA DIR. REG. PORTG PORTE DRIVERS PORTB DRIVERS PORTD DRIVERS PORTG DRIVERS PE0 - PE7 PB0 - PB7 PD0 - PD7 PG0 - PG4 The AVR core combines a rich instruction set with 32 general purpose working registers. All the 32 registers are directly connected to the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), allowing two independent registers to be accessed in one single instruction executed in one clock cycle. The resulting architecture is more code efficient while achieving throughputs up to ten times faster than conventional CISC microcontrollers. 3 2490C–AVR–09/02 The ATmega64 provides the following features: 64K bytes of In-System Programmable Flash with Read-While-Write capabilities, 2K bytes EEPROM, 4K bytes SRAM, 53 gen- eral purpose I/O lines, 32 general purpose working registers, Real Time Counter (RTC), four flexible Timer/Counters with compare modes and PWM, two USARTs, a byte ori- ented Two-wire Serial Interface, an 8-channel, 10-bit ADC with optional differential input stage with programmable gain, programmable Watchdog Timer with internal Oscillator, an SPI serial port, IEEE std. 1149.1 compliant JTAG test interface, also used for accessing the On-chip Debug system and programming, and six software selectable power saving modes. The Idle mode stops the CPU while allowing the SRAM, Timer/Counters, SPI port, and interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power- down mode saves the register contents but freezes the Oscillator, disabling all other chip functions until the next interrupt or Hardware Reset. In Power-save mode, the asyn- chronous timer continues to run, allowing the user to maintain a timer base while the rest of the device is sleeping. The ADC Noise Reduction mode stops the CPU and all I/O modules except asynchronous timer and ADC, to minimize switching noise during ADC conversions. In Standby mode, the crystal/resonator Oscillator is running while the rest of the device is sleeping. This allows very fast start-up combined with low power consumption. In Extended Standby mode, both the main Oscillator and the asynchro- nous timer continue to run. The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high-density non-volatile memory technology. The On-chip ISP Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed In-System through an SPI serial interface, by a conventional non-volatile memory programmer, or by an On-chip Boot program running on the AVR core. The Boot Program can use any interface to download the Application Program in the Application Flash memory. Soft- ware in the Boot Flash section will continue to run while the Application Flash section is updated, providing true Read-While-Write operation. By combining an 8-bit RISC CPU with In-System Self-Programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel ATmega64 is a powerful microcontroller that provides a highly-flexible and cost-effective solution to many embedded control applications. The ATmega64 AVR is supported with a full suite of program and system development tools including: C compilers, macro assemblers, program debugger/simulators, In-Cir- cuit Emulators, and evaluation kits. ATmega103 and ATmega64 Compatibility The ATmega64 is a highly complex microcontroller where the number of I/O locations supersedes the 64 I/O location reserved in the AVR instruction set. To ensure backward compatibility with the ATmega103, all I/O locations present in ATmega103 have the same location in ATmega64. Most additional I/O locations are added in an Extended I/O space starting from 0x60 to 0xFF (i.e., in the ATmega103 internal RAM space). These location can be reached by using LD/LDS/LDD and ST/STS/STD instructions only, not by using IN and OUT instructions. The relocation of the internal RAM space may still be a problem for ATmega103 users. Also, the increased number of Interrupt Vectors might be a problem if the code uses absolute addresses. To solve these problems, an ATmega103 compatibility mode can be selected by programming the fuse M103C. In this mode, none of the functions in the Extended I/O space are in use, so the internal RAM is located as in ATmega103. Also, the extended Interrupt Vectors are removed. The ATmega64 is 100% pin compatible with ATmega103, and can replace the ATmega103 on current printed circuit boards. The application note “Replacing ATmega103 by ATmega64” describes what the user should be aware of replacing the ATmega103 by an ATmega64. 4 ATmega64(L) 2490C–AVR–09/02 ATmega64(L) ATmega103 Compatibility Mode By programming the M103C Fuse, the ATmega64 will be compatible with the ATmega103 regards to RAM, I/O pins and Interrupt Vectors as described above. How- ever, some new features in ATmega64 are not available in this compatibility mode, these features are listed below: • One USART instead of two, asynchronous mode only. Only the eight least significant bits of the Baud Rate Register is available. • One 16 bits Timer/Counter with two compare registers instead of two 16 bits Timer/Counters with three compare registers. • Two-wire serial interface is not supported. • Port G serves alternate functions only (not a general I/O port). • Port F serves as digital input only in addition to analog input to the ADC. • Boot Loader capabilities is not supported. • It is not possible to adjust the frequency of the internal calibrated RC Oscillator. • The External Memory Interface can not release any Address pins for general I/O, neither configure different wait states to different External Memory Address sections. • Only EXTRF and PORF exist in the MCUCSR Register. • No timed sequence is required for Watchdog Timeout change. • Only low-level external interrupts can be used on four of the eight External Interrupt sources. • Port C is output only. • USART has no FIFO buffer, so Data OverRun comes earlier. • The user must have set unused I/O bits to 0 in ATmega103 programs. Pin Descriptions VCC Digital supply voltage. GND Ground. Port A (PA7..PA0) Port A is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The Port A output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source capability. As inputs, Port A pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port A pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running. Port A also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega64 as listed on page 69. Port B (PB7..PB0) Port B is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The Port B output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source capability. As inputs, Port B pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port B pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running. Port B also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega64 as listed on page 70. 5 2490C–AVR–09/02 [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ] |
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